At the heart of this discussion is the complex and often arbitrary distinction between sex workers and sex trafficking victims. Current criminalization models fail to address the nuanced realities of individuals involved in the sex trade, frequently treating victims of trafficking as criminals—perpetuating cycles of trauma and impeding access to justice and support services. Criminalization perpetuates generational harm by compounding trauma, reinforcing stigma, and maintaining systemic inequities that disproportionately affect sex workers and trafficking survivors. This presentation offers a concrete objective for case workers, service providers, and law enforcement working directly with incarcerated or recently released victims: to shift from punitive frameworks to trauma-informed, survivor-centered approaches in one-on-one interactions. "Boots on the ground" can play a crucial role by validating survivor experiences, minimizing retraumatization, and ensuring pathways to resources without requiring cooperation with law enforcement or penal systems as a precondition for support. Case workers and first responders can also become powerful allies in the push for decriminalization by documenting systemic harm, offering diversion alternatives rooted in dignity rather than discipline, and challenging internal protocols that criminalize survival. Additionally, the fear of criminal penalties discourages sex workers from reporting violence or exploitation, leaving them vulnerable to abuse and further victimization. Evidence increasingly shows that decriminalization offers a path toward reducing violence, improving safety, and empowering individuals to seek help without fear of legal repercussions. The session calls for the full decriminalization of prostitution, immunity laws protecting sex workers who report violence, and improved care standards for women reentering society after incarceration. Attendees are urged to act not only as advocates, but as implementers—bringing these values into their daily interactions with justice-impacted individuals.
Trigger Warning: This presentation contains information (written, spoken, or visual) that may be triggering or (re)traumatizing to attendees.
Alex Andrews is the co-founder of SWOP Behind Bars, a national organization supporting incarcerated sex workers. With over a decade of advocacy and 40 years of lived experience of exploitation, sexual assault, and domestic violence, Alex champions harm reduction, policy reform, and community-driven solutions. Their work focuses on creating pathways to justice, dignity, and resources for marginalized and underserved populations.
Melanie Goodman Dante is a dedicated advocate and senior case manager of SWOP Behind Bars, focusing on the rights and well-being of sex workers. With extensive experience in harm reduction, outreach, and public education, Melanie works to dismantle stigma, promote safety, and ensure access to resources for marginalized communities nationwide.
Tracy King is a passionate advocate for healthcare equity and accessibility. As an intern with Sex Workers on Parole Behind Bars, she focuses on trauma-informed care, harm reduction, and whole-person health for marginalized populations. Her work is a cornerstone of her DNP project, advancing inclusive and compassionate healthcare practices.